European Standards

BS EN 179: 2008 - Emergency exit devices operated by a lever handle or push pad.

The standard provides details on product types, classification by use, test cycles, door mass, corrosion resistance, as well as definitions, product performance requirements, test apparatus, test methods and marking on products. In addition, the published standards include annexes illustrating the various points made through diagrams and supplementary text.

The standard covers devices to be used in emergency situations where people are familiar with the emergency exit and its hardware and therefore a panic situation is most unlikely to develop. Lever handle operated escape mortise locks or push pads may therefore be used.

Scope

The main purpose of the performance requirements of this standard is to give safe and effective escape through a doorway with one single operation to release the device although this can require prior knowledge of its operation, I.e. for locked doors on escape routes where panic situations are not foreseen.

Fig 1. Type A Lever handle operation	Fig 2. Type B Push pad operation

Classification

The standard classifies emergency exit devices by using a 9 digit coding system. Each digit refers to a particular feature of the product measured against the Standard's performance requirements.

	Digit 1 - Category of use Only one category is identified: Grade 3: High frequency
	Digit 2 - Number of test cycles Two categories of durability are identified: Grade 6: 100,000 cycles Grade 7: 200,000 cycles
	Digit 3 - Test door mass Two categories of test mass are identified: Grade 5: up to 100 kg Grade 6: up to 200 kg
	Digit 4 - Fire resistance Two categories of fire resistance are identified: Grade 0: Not approved for use on fire/smoke door assemblies Grade 1: Suitable for use on fire/smoke door assemblies, subject to satisfactory assessment of the contribution of the emergency device to the fire resistance of specified fire/smoke door assemblies
	Digit 5 - Safety All emergency devices have a critical safety function, therefore only the top grade Grade 1: Safe is identified.
	Digit 6 - Corrosion resistance Classification to Clause 4 of BS EN 1670: 1998 Grade 3: High resistance Grade 4: Very high resistance
	Digit 7 - Security Three categories of security are identified: Grade 2: 1,000N Grade 3: 2,000N Grade 4: 3,000N
	Digit 8 - Projection of device Two categories of projection are identified: Grade 1: Projection up to 150 mm (standard) Grade 2: Projection up to 100 mm (low)
	Digit 9 - Type of device Two categories of device are identified (see Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 above): Type A Emergency device with lever handle operation Type B Emergency device with push pad

Example

The following marking denotes an emergency exit device tested to 100,000 operations for a door mass up to 100 kg. Suitable for fire door use, with high corrosion resistance, very high security and operated by a lever handle.

:3:6:5:1:1:4:4:2:A:

Marking

1. Manufacturer's name or trademark or other means of positive identification
2. Classification details
3. The number of the European standard
4. The month and year of the final assembly by the manufacturer. Note: This information can be in coded form.Items b) and c) should be clearly visible after installation

Fire door assemblies

The emergency exit device representative of its type shall have been subjected to a successful fire test to prove the contribution of the device to the fire resistance of the complete door assembly. Such assessments are outside the scope of this European standard but are covered by BS 476: Part 22 which remains in force.

Specification issues

The decision as to which products are specified should be made on the basis of the building use and occupancy. Products incorporating a cross bar (BS EN 1125) to operate the exit device must be used in public buildings, places of public entertainment, shops and any other location where the building occupants do not have prior knowledge of the escape device and where a panic situation can be foreseen. Products incorporating a push pad or lever handle to operate the exit device (BS EN 179) should only be used where the building occupants are familiar with the emergency exit and its hardware and where panic situations are not foreseen. If there is a doubt about the conditions relating to Building occupancy, only devices covered by BS EN 1125 should be specified.

BS EN 1125: 2008 - Emergency exit devices operated by horizontal push bar

The standard provides details on product types, classification by use, test cycles, door mass, corrosion resistance, as well as definitions, product performance requirements, test apparatus, test methods and marking on products. In addition, the published standards include annexes illustrating the various points made through diagrams and supplementary text. Experiences relating to escape from buildings and general safety have made it desirable that doors at exits in public buildings, places of entertainment, shops etc., should be fitted with panic devices operated by a horizontal bar. The emphasis for products covered by this standard is on safe exit rather than security.

Scope

The main purpose of the performance requirements of this standard is to give safe and effective escape through a doorway with minimum of effort and without prior knowledge of the device i.e. for locked doors on escape routes where panic situations can be foreseen.

Classification

The standard classifies emergency exit devices by using a 9 digit coding system. Each digit refers to a particular feature of the product measured against the Standard's performance requirements.

Fig. 1 Type A Push bar operation	Fig. 2 Type B Touch bar operation

	Digit 1 - Category of use Only one category is identified: Grade 3: High frequency
	Digit 2 - Number of test cycles Two categories of durability are identified: Grade 6: 100,000 cycles Grade 7: 200,000 cycles
	Digit 3 - Test door mass Two categories of test mass are identified: Grade 5: up to 100 kg Grade 6: up to 200 kg
	Digit 4 - Fire resistance Two categories of fire resistance are identified: Grade 0: Not approved for use on fire/smoke door assemblies Grade 1: Suitable for use on fire/smoke door assemblies, subject to satisfactory assessment of the contribution of the emergency device to the fire resistance of specified fire/smoke door assemblies
	Digit 5 - Safety All emergency devices have a critical safety function, therefore only the top grade Grade 1: Safe is identified.
	Digit 6 - Corrosion resistance Classification to Clause 4 of BS EN 1670: 1998 Grade 3: High resistance Grade 4: Very high resistance
	Digit 7 - Security Three categories of security are identified: Grade 2: 1,000N Grade 3: 2,000N Grade 4: 3,000N
	Digit 8 - Projection of device Two categories of projection are identified: Grade 1: Projection up to 150 mm (standard) Grade 2: Projection up to 100 mm (low)
	Digit 9 - Type of device Two categories of device are identified (see Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 above): Type A Emergency device with lever handle operation Type B Emergency device with push pad

The following marking denotes an emergency exit device tested to 200,000 operations for a door mass up to 200 kg. Suitable for fire door use, with high corrosion resistance, and low push bar projection.

:3:7:6:1:1:4:2:2:A:

Marking

1. Manufacturer's name or trademark or other means of positive identification
2. Classification details
3. The number of the European standard.
4. The month and year of the final assembly by the manufacturer. Note: This information can be in coded form.Items b) and c) should be clearly visible after installation

Fire door assemblies

The emergency exit device representative of its type shall have been subjected to a successful fire test to prove the contribution of the device to the fire resistance of the complete door assembly. Such assessments are outside the scope of this European standard but are covered by BS 476: Part 22 which remains in force.

Specification issues

The decision as to which products are specified should be made on the basis of the building use and occupancy. Products incorporating a cross bar (BS EN 1125) to operate the exit device must be used in public buildings, places of public entertainment, shops and any other location where the building occupants do not have prior knowledge of the escape device and where a panic situation can be foreseen.

Products incorporating a push pad or lever handle to operate the exit device (BS EN 179) should only be used where the building occupants are familiar with the emergency exit and its hardware and where panic situations are not foreseen.If there is a doubt about the conditions relating to Building occupancy, only devices covered by BS EN 1125 should be specified.

For safety reasons the push bar of a type "A" panic devise shall not protrude beyond either of the end supports. This means that for pairs of rebated doors, the traditional British designed "double panic bolt" will not be permitted. An acceptable solution is for a single vertical panic bolt to be fitted on the "inactive leaf" and a panic latch on the active leaf. A box keeper may be needed for the panic latch.

A Grade 2 (low projection) panic device should be used in situations where there is restricted width for escape or where doors are not able to open beyond 90°.

Panic device push and touch bars should be installed to provide the maximum effective length but never less then 60% of the door leaf width.

BS EN 1154: 1997 - Controlled door closing devices - requirements and test methods.

The standard provides details on product types, classification by use, test cycles, door mass, corrosion resistance, as well as definitions, product performance requirements, test apparatus, test methods and marking on products. In addition, the published standards include annexes illustrating the various points made through diagrams and supplementary text.

This European standard has replaced the previous national product performance standard BS 6459: Part 1: 1984: Door Closers - Specification for mechanical performance of crank and rack and pinion overhead closers.

Scope

The standard covers all controlled surface mounted, concealed, or transom mounted closers as well as both single and double action floor springs.

Classification

The standard classifies door closers by using a 6 digit coding system. Each digit refers to a particular feature of the product measured against the Standard's performance requirements.

	Digit 1 - Category of use For all internal and external doors for use by the public, and others, with little incentive to take care, i.e. where there is some chance of misuse of the door. Grade 3: For closing doors from at least 105° open Grade 4: For closing doors from 180° open Note 1: Grade 4 classification assumes standard installation according to the manufacturer's instructions. Note 2: For applications subject to extremes of abuse, or for particular limitations of opening angle, door closers incorporating backcheck function or provision of a separate door stop should be considered.
	Digit 2 - Number of test cycles Only one test duration is identified for the door closing device manufactured to this standard: Grade 8: 500,000 cycles
	Digit 3 - Test door mass/size Seven test door mass grades and related door closer power sizes are identified according to table 1 of this standard. Where a door closer provides a range of power sizes both the minimum and maximum sizes shall be identified. TEST DOOR MASS AND RECOMMENDED DOOR WIDTHS Power size of closer Max. mass of hinged leaf Width of test door leaf 1 20kg <750mm 2 40kg 850mm 3 60kg 950mm 4 80kg 1100mm 5 100kg 1250mm 6 120kg 1400mm 7 160kg 1600mm
	Digit 4 - Fire behaviour Two grades of fire behaviour are identified for door closing devices manufactured to this standard: Grade 0: Not suitable for use on fire/smoke door assemblies Grade 1: Suitable for use on fire/smoke door assemblies, subject to satisfactory assessment of the contribution of the emergency device to the fire resistance of specified fire/smoke door assemblies
	Digit 5 - Safety All door closers are required to satisfy the Essential Requirement of safety in use contained In the Construction Products Directive by the EU. Therefore only Grade 1 is identified
	Digit 6 - Corrosion resistance Five grades of corrosion resistance are identified according to BS EN 1670: Grade 0: No defined corrosion resistance Grade 1: Low resistance Grade 2: Moderate resistance Grade 3: High resistance Grade 4: Very high resistance

Example

The following marking denotes a closer capable of opening to at least 105°, and with a range of power sizes from size 2 to size 5. Note that as the 4th digit is zero, such a closer would not be suitable for fire door use.

:3:8:2/5:0:1:0:

Marking

1. Manufacturer's name or trademark or other means of positive identification
2. Product model identification
3. Classification details. 6 digit.
4. The number of the European standard. (BS EN 1154)
5. The month and year of the final assembly by the manufacturer. Note: This information can be in coded form.

Fire resisting doors

BS EN 1154 makes the following recommendations as to the feature considered necessary for such devices when they are fitted to fire and smoke resisting doors.

1. The door closer when installed in accordance with the manufacturer's installation instruction shall be capable of closing the test door from any angle to which it may be opened.
2. Due to their low closing moments, door closers sizes 1 and 2 are not considered suitable for use on fire/smoke resisting door assemblies. Door closers with adjustable closing force shall be capable of adjustment to at least power size 3.
3. The door closer shall not include a hold open device unless it is electrically powered device in accordance with BS EN 1155.
4. Control regulators shall be either concealed or operable only by means of a tool.
5. The design of a door closer shall be such that it is not possible to inhibit its closing action in any way without the use of a tool.
6. Any incorporated delayed action function shall be capable of adjustment to less than 25 seconds between the door closing angle of 120° and the end of the delay zone.
7. The door closer representative of its model shall have been incorporated in a door assembly that has satisfied the appropriate criteria of a fire test. The test shall have been on a full size assembly in accordance with BS EN 1634-1.

Scope

The standard specifies requirements for separate electrically powered hold-open devices and also for hold-open mechanisms incorporated in a door closer. Whilst these devices may incorporate smoke or fire detection elements, the performance of these particular elements is outside the scope of BS EN 1155.

Classification

The standard classifies electrically powered hold-open devices using the 6 digit coding system. Each digit relates to a particular feature of the product measured against the standard's performance requirement.

	Digit 1 - Category of use Only one category of use is identified for electrically powered hold-open devices. Grade 3: For all internal and external doors for use by the public, and others, with little incentive to take care, i.e. where there is some chance of misuse of the door.
	Digit 2 - Number of test cycles Two test durations are identified for devices manufactured to this European standard: Grade 5: 50,000 cycles.For all stand alone electrically powered hold open devices Grade 8: 500,000 cycles.For all stand alone electrically powered hold open and free-swing door closers and devices that contain operating arms.
	Digit 3 - Test door mass/size Five test door mass grades and related hold-open power sizes are identified according to Table 1 of this standard. Where an electrically powered hold-open device is suitable for a range of power sizes both the minimum and the maximum sizes shall be identified. TEST DOOR MASS AND RECOMMENDED DOOR WIDTHS Hold-open power size Max. mass of hinged leaf Width of test door leaf 3 60kg 950mm 4 80kg 1100mm 5 100kg 1250mm 6 120kg 1400mm 7 160kg 1600mm
	Digit 4 - Fire behaviour Only one grade of fire resistance is identified for the electrically powered hold-open devices Grade 1: Suitable for use on fire/smoke door assemblies, subject to satisfactory assessment of the contribution of the emergency device to the fire resistance of specified fire/smoke door assemblies.
	Digit 5 - Safety All electrically powered hold-open devices are required to satisfy the Essential Requirement of safety in use contained in the Construction Products Directive, issued by the EU. Therefore only Grade 1 is identified.
	Digit 6 - Corrosion resistance Five grades of corrosion resistance are identified according to BS EN 1670: Grade 0: No defined corrosion resistance Grade 1: Low resistance Grade 2: Moderate resistance Grade 3: High resistance Grade 4: Very high resistance

Example

The following marking denotes an electrically powered hold-open device suitable for a range from power size 3 to power size 6.

:3:5:3/6:1:1:0:

Marking

The standard requires that each electrically powered hold-open device manufactured to the standard shall be marked with the following:

1. Manufacturer's name or trademark or other means of positive identification
2. Product model identification
3. Classification details. 6 digit.
4. The number of the European standard. (BS EN 1155)
5. The month and year of the final assembly by the manufacturer. Note: This information can be in coded form.

Scope

This European Standard specifies requirements for door coordinator devices for double leaf single swing doors fitted with door closing devices. It includes both separately mounted devices and those mechanisms which are incorporated in the door closing device.

Classification

The standard classifies door coordinator devices using the 6 digit coding system. Each digit relates to a particular feature of the product measured against the standard's performance requirements.

	Digit 1 - Category of use Only one category of use is identified for door coordinator devices. Grade 3: For all internal and external doors for use by the public, and others, with little incentive to take care, i.e. where there is some chance of misuse of the door.
	Digit 2 - Number of test cycles Two test durations are identified for devices manufactured to this European standard: Grade 5: 50,000 cycles.For all other door coordinator devices not included below. Grade 8: 500,000 cycles.For all door coordinator devices which incorporate in, or for use in conjunction with automatic swing door operators, and for devices incorporated in a door closer.
	Digit 3 - Test door mass/size Five test door mass grades and related door coordinator sizes are identified according to Table 1 of this standard. Where a door coordinator device is suitable for a range of power sizes both the minimum and the maximum sizes shall be identified. TEST DOOR MASS AND RECOMMENDED DOOR WIDTHS Door coordinator size Max. mass of hinged leaf Width of test door leaf 3 60kg 950mm 4 80kg 1100mm 5 100kg 1250mm 6 120kg 1400mm 7 160kg 1600mm
	Digit 4 - Fire behaviour Two grades of fire behaviour are identified for door coordinator devices manufactured to this European standard: Grade 0: Not suitable for use on fire/smoke door assemblies Grade 1: Suitable for use on fire/smoke door assemblies, subject to satisfactory assessment of the contribution of the emergency device to the fire resistance of specified fire/smoke door assemblies.
	Digit 5 - Safety All door coordinator devices are required to satisfy the Essential Requirement of safety in use contained in the Construction Products Directive, issued by the EU. Therefore only Grade 1 is identified.
	Digit 6 - Corrosion resistance Five grades of corrosion resistance are identified according to BS EN 1670: Grade 0: No defined corrosion resistance Grade 1: Low resistance Grade 2: Moderate resistance Grade 3: High resistance Grade 4: Very high resistance

Example

The following marking denotes a stand alone door coordinator device suitable for a range of door closer power sizes from size 3 to size 6 which is suitable for use on fire resisting doors but no defined corrosion resistance.

:3:5:3/6:1:1:0:

Marking

The standard requires that each door coordinator device manufactured to the standard shall be marked with the following:

1. Manufacturer's name or trademark or other means of positive identification
2. Product model identification
3. Classification details. 6 digit.
4. The number of the European standard. (BS EN 1158:1997)
5. The month and year of the final assembly by the manufacturer. Note: This information can be in coded form.

Scope

This European standard applies to cylinders for such locks as are normally used in buildings and are designed to be used with cylinders. It identifies one category of use grade, three grades of durability, four grades of fire resistance, two grades of corrosion and temperature resistance, six grades of key security and three grades of attack resistance.

Cylinder types and application

Classification

The standard classifies cylinders using a 8 digit coding system. Each digit refers to a particular feature of the product measured against the standard's performance requirements.

	Digit 1 - Category of use Only one category of use is identified for cylinders. Grade 1: Keys shall resist a torque of 2.5Nm and still be usable.
	Digit 2 - Durability Three grades of durability classify cylinders as either grade 4, 5 or 6 based on the number of test cycles achieved: Grade 4: 25,000 cycles Grade 5: 50,000 cycles Grade 6: 100,000 cycles
	Digit 3 - Door mass No requirement
	Digit 4 - Fire resistance Cylinders are classified as either grade 0 or 1: Grade 0: No requirement Grade 1: Cylinders shall be fire tested in accordance with current fire test requirements of EN 1634-1
	Digit 5 - Safety No requirement<
	Digit 6 - Corrosion and temperature resistance Cylinders are classified as grade 0,A,B,or C Grade 0: No requirement Grade A: Conforms to grade 3 of BS EN 1670 as a minimum Grade B: Will resist temperature extremes of -20/+80°C Grade C: Conforms to grade 3 of BS EN 1670 (minimum) and will resist temperature extremes of-20/+80°C Note: No distinction is made between the inside and the outside of either the cylinder and / or the door. On completion of the test, the cylinder must operate using a maximum 1.5Nm torque on the key.
	Digit 7 - Key security Cylinders are classified in grades 1 to 6, where 6 is the highest. The grade of security can differ from one side of a double cylinder to the other. Table 1 provides a summary of the main security requirements. Requirement Grade Unit 1 2 3 4 5 6 Min. number of effective differs 100 300 15,000 30,000 30,000 100,000 number Min. number of movable detainers 2 3 5 5 6 6 number Max. number of steps 100 70 60 60 60 50 % Direct coding on key Yes Yes No No No No - Torque resistance of plug/cylinder 2.5 5 15 15 15 15 Nm
	Digit 8 - Attack resistance Cylinders are classified grades 0,1, and 2 where 2 is the highest. Table 2 provides a summary of the main requirements. Requirement Grade Unit 0 1 2 Resistance to drilling (nett drilling time) - 3 5 minutes Resistance to chisel attack (number of defined blows) - 30 40 number Resistance to twisting attack (number of defined twists) - 20 30 number Resistance to plug/cylinder extraction (pull load) - 15 15 kN Torque resistance of plug/cylinder (torque on tool) - 20 30 Nm

Example

The following marking denotes a cylinder meeting the required category of use, durability grade 6 (100,000 cycles) with no fire resistant requirement, grade C corrosion and temperature resistance, grade 4 key security and grade 1 attack resistance.

:1:6:-:0:-:C:4:1:

Marking

The standard requires that the classification relevant to the cylinder shall be quoted in the accompanying documentation, on its labelling or packaging and/or by marking the product itself or by more than one of these methods. The marking/labelling shall include the following:

1. Manufacturer's name or trademark or other means of positive identification
2. Product model identification
3. Classification details. 7 digit.
4. The number of the European standard. (BS EN 11303:2005)

Specification Issues

All European countries will use the same product standard. Products complying with the new European standard provide peace of mind and evidence of professional specification. Product selection should be made on the basis of building use, occupancy and particular application. This standard should be read in conjunction with BS EN 12209: 2003.

Scope

The standard covers most of the main types of sliding and sliding/folding applications, giving details of product performance criteria, test apparatus, testing methods, door mass durability, fire and corrosion resistance. The standard specifies requirements for the principal components for most sliding and sliding/folding doors but excludes the doors and panels themselves. Products included within the standard are:

• Straight sliding systems
• top hung
• bottom rolling (panels over 100 kg)
• Sliding/folding doors
• Multi-panel folding doors

The standard does not cover bottom rolling systems where the door weight is less than 100 kg and certain types of folding systems.

Classification

This standard classifies sliding door gear using a 9 digit coding system. Each digit relates to a particular feature of the product measured against the standard's performance requirements.

	Digit 1 - Category of use No grade identified for these products
	Digit 2 - Durability Durability is measured by the number of openings (cycles) performed by the gear under standard test conditions. All parts must remain in a serviceable condition throughout the test and no adjustment is allowed. Fittings are required to pass the Initial Friction Test (Digit 9) both before and after the durability test The six grades are: Grade 1: 2,500 cycles Grade 2: 5,000 cycles Grade 3: 10,000 cycles Grade 4: 25,000 cycles Grade 5: 50,000 cycles Grade 6: 100,000 cycles
	Digit 3 - Door weight Four grades are identified: Grade 1: up to 50 kg Grade 2: from 51 to 100 kg Grade 3: from 101 to 330 kg Grade 4: over 330 kg
	Digit 4 - Fire resistance Two grades of fire resistance are identified: Grade 0: Not approved for use on fire door assemblies Grade 1: Suitable for use on fire door assemblies
	Digit 5 - Safety No requirements
	Digit 6 - Corrosion resistance Five possible grades are identified, classified in accordance with BS EN 1670 Grade 0: No defined corrosion resistance Grade 1: Low resistance Grade 2: Moderate resistance Grade 3: High resistance Grade 4: Very high resistance
	Digit 7 - Security No requirements
	Digit 8 - Category of door Three types of door are covered by the standard: Grade 1: Straight sliding door Grade 2: Sliding/folding doors Grade 3: Multi-panel doors
	Digit 9 - Initial friction This is the measurement of the amount of force required to start the movement of the door. The grade allocated is variable depending upon the weight of the door. Weight 0-50kg 51-100kg 101-330kg Over 330kg Grade 1 50N 80N 100N 5%* Grade 2 40N 60N 5%* 4%* Grade 3 30N 40N 4%* 3%* *% of door weight

Example

The following marking denotes a straight sliding door with a weight between 51 kg and 100 kg, durability tested to 100,000 cycles, no fire resistance, high corrosion resistance and having initial friction equal to or less than 60N.

:-:6:2:0:-:3:-:1:2:

Marking

Hangers manufactured to this standard should be marked with the following:

1. The manufacturer's name or trade mark.
2. Product identification. The identification should, where possible, be shown on the product. Alternatively, it should be on the packaging. The classification illustrated above may also be included.

This standard specifies the methods of tests for Fire Doors. The furnace performance and pressures are defined. Generally regarded as being more sever than the previous BS476 fire tests.

Scope

This European Standard specifies the requirements for the corrosion resistance of hardware including the metal fastenings. The standard specifies requirements for four grades of corrosion performance plus an additional "0" grade which has no requirements.

Classification

Requirements are specified for four grades of corrosion resistance classified as low, moderate, high and very high which may be typified by situations ranging from mild exposure in interior environments to very severe exposure in interior environments in very polluted localities.

Requirements

Particular test methods are defined for the testing of materials that have been nickel plated, nickel/chromium plated, and zinc plated on steel or anodised aluminium. There is also a method defined for testing all other materials and coatings. Acceptance criteria are defined and are based upon the visual identification of corrosion spots on any significant surface. These must not be larger than 1.5 mm in any direction and must not average more than one per 650 mm 2.

Specification issues

BS EN 1670 is not, in itself, a product standard but it is the reference corrosion standard included in all current BS EN product standards. Although BS EN 1670 includes visual acceptance criteria, some BS EN product standards only use the BS EN 1670 method of test and add their own acceptance criteria.

BS EN 1906: 2002 - Building hardware - lever handles and knob furniture.

This standard details performance requirements and test methods in relation to corrosion resistance, security and other aspects pertaining to the application of lock and latch furniture.

Scope

The European Standard specifies the performance requirements and test methods (i.e. durability, static strength, operating torque, corrosion, safety, etc) for sprung and unsprung lever handles and knobs for doors on backplates or roses. It applies only to lever handles and knobs that operate a lock or latch. The standard has 4 grades of performance. Compliance with the standard ensures a margin of strength in excess of that needed for normal operation. The standard has additional graded safety requirements where a high risk of failing exists.

Classification

BS EN 1906 classifies door furniture by using an 8 digit coding system. A similar classification applies to all building hardware products so that complementary items of hardware can be specified to, for instance, a common level of corrosion resistance, category of use etc. Each digit refers to a particular feature of product measured against the standard's performance requirements.

	Digit 1 - Category of use Four grades are identified: Grade 1: Medium frequency of use with high incentive to exercise care and a small chance of misuse, e.g. internal residential doors. Grade 2: Medium use by people with some incentive to exercise care but where there is some chance of misuse, e.g. internal office doors. Grade 3: High use by public or others with little incentive to exercise care and with a high chance of misuse, e.g. public office doors. Grade 4: High use on doors which are subject to frequent violent use, e.g. football stadiums, oil rigs, barracks, public toilets etc.
	Digit 2 - Durability Two grades of durability are identified: Grade 6: Medium use - 100,000 cycles Grade 7: High use - 200,000 cycles The tests undertaken to achieve these grades involve the application of additional forces to the door furniture in order to simulate the conditions of use likely to be experienced in the field.
	Digit 3 - Test door mass No requirement
	Digit 4 - Fire resistance Two grades of fire resistance are identified: Grade 0: Not approved for use on fire and smoke doors. Grade 1: Suitable for use on fire and smoke doors. Note: Grade 1 classification means only that the furniture has been designed for use on fire/smoke control doors; the actual fire performance achieved (e.g. fire integrity of 30 minutes on a partially glazed timber door etc.) will be contained in a separate test report.
	Digit 5 - Safety Two grades of safety are identified: Grade 0: Normal use. Grade 1: Safety application - to qualify for this grade, handles must have a high strength handle-to-plate and plate-to-door fixing and/or handle-to-spindle fixing, such that they would withstand a person grabbing in order to prevent falling. It is recommended that only Safety Grade 1 furniture is used at the top of cellar steps or other staircases.
	Digit 6 - Corrosion resistance Five grades of corrosion resistance are identified: Grade 0: No defined corrosion resistance. Grade 1: Mild resistance - minimum requirement for internal use. Grade 2: Moderate resistance. Grade 3: High resistance - minimum requirement for external use. Grade 4: Very high resistance for use in exposed marine atmospheres or very high polluted industrial environments. Note: Products intended to develop a natural patina (such as bronze or brass) are not required to comply with any requirements.
	Digit 7 - Security Five grades of security are identified: Grade 0: Not approved for use on burglary resistant doors Grade 1: Mild burglary resistance Grade 2: Moderate burglary resistance Grade 3: High burglary resistance Grade 4: Extra high burglary resistance Note: The main requirements include resistance to drilling, close fitting plates or escutcheons to help protect the lock and support the cylinder. They must be resistant to removal from the outside of the door and make provision to minimise the cylinder projection to a maximum of 3 mm. Full details of the requirement can be found in BS EN 1906.
	Digit 8 - Type of operation Three operation types are identified: Type A: Spring assisted furniture Type B: Spring loaded furniture Type U: Unsprung furniture

Example

The following marking denotes a lever handle for use on a door that has a high frequency of use and is subject to frequent violent use. It is suitable for use on fire door assemblies and for use where safety is important. It has a very high corrosion resistance and a high burglary resistance suitable for external doors. It is of the unsprung type.

:4:7:-:1:1:4:3:U:

Fire door assemblies

Lock and latch furniture for use on fire/smoke doors requires a set of lock and latch furniture to comply with appropriate requirements of the European Standard. In addition, for lock and latch furniture to be attested suitable for the use on fire/smoke door assemblies a third set of lock or latch furniture should be incorporated in a door assembly that has satisfied the criteria of a fire test according to BS EN 1634-1. This furniture should be fitted on to an identical design, shape and size of door assembly.

Specification issues

Security - Security lock furniture is one element of a burglary resistant door assembly that includes the door leaf and frame, lock, hinges and the method of fixing. Main design requirements include the use of at least two through-door fixings which cannot be detached from the outside. Requirements also include the use of an internal plate with a cylinder aperture that closely matches the cylinder profile and that the cylinder does not project more than 3 mm from the face of the plate. Full details of the requirements can be found in BS EN 1906.

Springing - Type A furniture has light springing only and is dependant upon the lock/latch springing to fully return the lever to the ‘at rest’ position. Type B furniture has integral springing capable of returning the lever to its rest position, whilst Type U is dependant wholly upon the lock/latch to return it to its rest position. It is essential, therefore, to select the correct lock/latch to suit the furniture.

Application - It is most important to specify the correct grade of door furniture for the intended application. For example, Category of Use Grade 1 levers are most suited for light residential use, whereas Grade 4 door furniture is most appropriate choice for buildings such as schools and sports stadiums where there will be a high level of use, and possible abuse.

BS EN 1935: 2002 - Building hardware - single axis hinges

This standard provides details on product types, classification by use, test cycles, door mass corrosion resistance, as well as definitions, product performance requirements, test apparatus, test methods and marking of products. In addition, the published standard includes annexes with details of special needs. Note: This standard has replaced BS 7352:1990.

Scope

This European Standard specifies requirements for single-axis hinges for windows and doors opening only in one direction whose rotation axis is no more than 30 mm from the face of the sash or door. It covers both fixed pin and lift-off hinges.

Classification

This European Standard classifies single -axis hinges using an 8 digit coding system. It is intended that this classification system will apply to all building hardware product standards so that complementary items of hardware can be specified to, for instance, a common level of corrosion resistance, category of use, etc. Each digit refers to a particular feature of the product measured against the standard's performance requirements.

	Digit 1 - Category of duty Four categories of duty are identified: Category 1: Light duty Category 2: Medium duty Category 3: Heavy duty Category 4: Severe duty
	Digit 2 - durability Three grades of durability for single-axis hinges are identified: Grade 3: 10,000 test cycles, for light duty hinges on windows. Grade 4: 25,000 test cycles, for light duty hinges on windows and doors. Grade 7: 200,000 test cycles, for medium, heavy and severe duty hinges on doors only.
	Digit 3 - Test door mass Eight door mass grades related to single-axis hinges are identified as shown in Table 1 Test door mass grade 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Door mass 10kg 20kg 40kg 60kg 80kg 100kg 120kg 160kg
	Digit 4 - Suitability for fire/smoke door use Two grades of suitability are identified: Grade 0: Not suitable for fire/smoke resistant door assemblies. Grade 1: Suitable for use on fire/smoke resistant door assemblies subject to satisfactory assessment of the contribution of the single-axis hinge to the fire resistance of special fire/smoke door assemblies. Such assessment is outside the scope of this European standard (See EN 1634-1)
	Digit 5 - Safety Single-axis hinges are required to satisfy the essential requirements of safety in use. Therefore, only Grade 1 is identified.
	Digit 6 - Corrosion resistance Five grade of corrosion resistance are identified in accordance with EN 1670 Grade 0: No defined corrosion resistance. Grade 1: Mild resistance. Grade 2: Moderate resistance. Grade 3: High resistance. Grade 4: Very high resistance.
	Digit 7 - Security Two grades of security are identified: Grade 0: No security Grade 1: Suitable for applications requiring a degree of security. Annex C of this European Standard details the hinge grade to use for the level of security.
	Digit 8 - Hinge grade Fourteen grades are identified in this standard and are detailed in Table 2. The full classification is shown in the standard.
Hinge grade 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Window / Door Win Win Win/Dr Door Win Win/Dr Door Win Win/Dr Door Door Door Door Door Test cycles 10k 10k 25k 200k 10k 25k 200k 10k 25k 200k 200k 200k 200k 200k Door mass 10kg 20kg 20kg 20kg 40kg 40kg 40kg 40kg 60kg 60kg 60kg 80kg 120kg 160kg

Example

The following marking denotes a single-axis hinge for use in medium duty situations, tested to 200,000 cycles, for use on doors with a mass up to 60 kg, with stated fire door suitability, high corrosion resistance, suitable for burglar-resistant doors, and a hinge grading of 10.

:2:7:3:0:1:1:1:10:

Marking

Each single-axis hinge manufactured to this European Standard must be marked with the following:

1. Manufacturer's name or trademark, or other means of identification.
2. The hinge grade (eight digit classification code)
3. Number of this European standard.

Note: This information can be in coded form.

CE marking

Single-axis hinges intended for use on fire resisting doors and smoke control doors are covered by a Construction Products Directive mandate, issued by the European Commission. Consequently, this standard is regarded as a "harmonised" standard and compliance with it, supported by suitable evidence, allows the application of the CE mark. As fire/smoke door hinges have a critical safety function, application of the CE mark requires the involvement of a notified certification body to provide verification of the compliance claim. This involves initial type testing of the product to EN 1935, initial inspection of the manufacturer's factory production control and continuing surveillance and approval of the factory production control. On satisfactory completion of these tasks, the notified body issues an EC Certificate of Conformity which then permits the manufacturer to declare compliance and affix the CE marking to his product.

The standard requires the following additional information to accompany the CE mark:

1. The identification number of the notified certification body
2. The name or identifying mark of the manufacturer.
3. The registered address of the manufacturer
4. The last two digits of the year in which the marking was applied.
5. The number of the EC certificate of conformity.
6. The classification code of the product.

Note: Although the notified body has to be involved to verify the manufacturer's claims, the manufacturer remains responsible for designing and producing the product, for the affixing the CE marking, and for ensuring that the product meets the requirements of the Directive.

Scope

This standard covers single point bolts and associated keeps used to secure, or to increase the security of, doors and windows providing that movement of the shoot is by direct hand or foot operation. It includes bolts operated by lever, knob, slide, pull etc. or by a removable device (though not a multiple differ key) from the secure side of the door leaf only.

The following types of bolt are included:

• Barrel bolts and Tower bolts
• Foot bolts, Drop bolts, Square spring bolts and garage door bolts.
• Flush bolts (sunk slide, knob slide, lever action and automatic).
• Padlock bolts
• Privacy bolts
• Mortise bolts (operated by a removable device, fixed knob, lever etc).

Locking bolts that are operated by hand and then locked to prevent withdrawal are also included. Espagnolette/Cremone bolts and emergency/panic bolts are not covered by this standard.

Classification

The standard classifies bolts using the seven digit coding system. Each digit relates to a particular feature of the product measured against the standards performance requirements.

	Digit 1 - Category of use Classification is in for grades, grade 1 being the lowest. Grade 1: light duty Grade 2: Medium duty Grade 3: Heavy duty Grade 4: Extra heavy duty The category of use is determined by the amount of excess force (abuse) that can be resisted at the normal operating point of the lever, knob etc. when the shoot is obstructed. Minimum forces for each grade are shown in Table 1. Abuse force Grade Unit 1 2 3 4 Linear force on end of exposed* lever, knob etc. F1 (1) 100 200 300 400 N Linear force on restricted access thumb slide, lever, etc. F1(2) 50 100 150 200 N Forces applied to extremities of rotating knob, key etc. 50 100 150 200 N * Exposed means at least 10 mm between lever/knob and body of bolt, otherwise F1(2) applies
	Digit 2 - durability (Number of test cycles) Four grades of durability are identified, grade 1 being the lowest: Grade 1: 2,500 cycles Grade 2: 5,000 cycles Grade 3: 10,000 cycles Grade 4: 50,000 cycles
	Digit 3 - Door mass No requirement in this standard
	Digit 4 - Fire resistance - suitability for fire/smoke door use. Door and window bolts are classified as either Grade 0 or Grade 1: Grade 0: No requirement. Grade 1: Product has been tested in accordance with current fire test requirements.
	Digit 5 - Safety in use Door and window bolts are classified as either Grade 0 or Grade 1 Grade 0: No requirement Grade 1: Product is capable of operating with a side load of 250N on the bolt, and also after a side load of 1000N has been applied.
	Digit 6 - Corrosion resistance Five grades of corrosion resistance are identified: Grade 0: No defined corrosion resistance Grade 1: Mild resistance (normally dry interiors) Grade 2: Moderate resistance (interiors subject to condensation) Grade 3: High resistance (damp interior / exterior) Grade 4: Very high resistance (polluted exterior, industrial and coastal)
	Digit 7 - Security Classification in five grades, Grade 1 being the lowest. The security grade is determined by the bolt's resistance to, and reaction to, end load, side load and sawing as shown in Table 2: Security requirement Grade Unit 1 2 3 4 5 Resistance to end load 0 1500 3000 4000 5000 N Resulting projection 12 12 12 15 17 mm Resistance to sawing 0 0 0 2 5 Min Resistance to side load 500 1500 4500 7000 10000 N

Example

The following door bolt classification denotes that it is heavy duty, tested to 50,000 cycles, not required to be fire tested, not required to be safe in use, high resistance to corrosion and is very secure. The dash in box three denotes that the standard has no door mass requirement.

:3:4:-:0:0:3:5:

Marking

The standard requires that the classification relevant to the product shall be quoted in the accompanying documentation; on it's labelling or packaging and/or by marking the product itself.

The marking/labelling shall include:

1. Manufacturers name, trademark or other means of identification.
2. The 7 digit classification code.
3. The number and date of the European Standard.
4. The month and year of manufacture (may be coded).

CE marking

It is not mandatory for bolts to be manufactured to BS EN 12051 and they will not therefore carry a CE mark.

Scope

This standard covers the requirement and test methods for durability, strength, security and function of all types of mechanical locks and latches (including associated or separately locking plates), intended for use on pedestrian doors in buildings. Excluding electro-mechanically operated locks and striking plates, multipoint locks and their locking plates, locks for windows, padlocks, locks for safes, furniture locks and prison locks.

Classification

The standard classifies locks and latches using the 11 digit coding system. Each digit relates to a particular feature of the product measured against the standards performance requirements.

	Digit 1 - Category of use Classification is in three grades, grade 1 being the lowest Grade 1: Low frequency. For use by people with a high incentive to exercise care and a small chance of misuse, e.g internal residential doors Grade 2: Medium frequency. For use by people with some incentive to exercise care but where there is some chance of misuse, e.g. internal office doors. Grade 3: High frequency. For use by public or others with little incentive to exercise care and with a high chance of misuse, e.g. public doors
	Digit 2 - Durability Twelve grade of durability are identified: Grade A: 50,000 cycles. No load on latch bolt Grade B: 100,000 cycles. No load on latch bolt Grade C: 200,000 cycles. No load on latch bolt Grade F: 50,000 cycles. 10N load on latch bolt Grade G: 100,000 cycles. 10N load on latch bolt Grade H: 200,000 cycles. 10N load on latch bolt Grade L: 100,000 cycles. 25N load on latch bolt Grade M: 200,000 cycles. 25N load on latch bolt Grade R: 100,000 cycles. 50N load on latch bolt Grade S: 200,000 cycles. 50N load on latch bolt Grade W: 100,000 cycles. 120N load on latch bolt Grade X: 200,000 cycles. 120N load on latch bolt
	Digit 3 - Door mass and closing force Nine grades of door mass and closing force are identified: Grade 1: Up to 100 kg door mass; 50N maximum closing force Grade 2: Up to 200 kg door mass; 50N maximum closing force Grade 3: Up to 200 kg door mass or specified by the manufacturer; 50N maximum closing force Grade 4: Up to 100 kg door mass; 25N maximum closing force Grade 5: Up to 200 kg door mass; 25N maximum closing force Grade 6: Up to 200 kg door mass or specified by the manufacturer; 25N maximum closing force Grade 7: Up to 100 kg door mass; 15N maximum closing force Grade 8: Up to 200 kg door mass; 15N maximum closing force Grade 9: Up to 200 kg door mass or specified by the manufacturer; 15N maximum closing force
	Digit 4 - Fire resistance Two grades of suitability for use on fire/smoke doors are identified: Grade 0: not approved for use on fire/smoke door assemblies Grade 1: suitable for use on fire/smoke door assemblies tested to EN 1634-1 etc Note 1. A grade 1 classification means only that the lock has been designed for use on fire/smoke control doors; the actual fire performance achieved e.g. fire integrity of 30 minutes on a partially glazed timber door etc.) will be contained in a separate fire test report. Note 2. Where a product is intended for fire/smoke use (I.e. "1" in box 4), it must be possible to demonstrate compliance with the Essential Requirements of the Construction Products (Amendments) Regulations. It is recommended that the product should bear the CE mark. (see section on CE marking).
	Digit 5 - Safety Only one grade of safety is identified: Note: A lock or latch conforming to this standard can, at the same time, also be part of an exit device conforming to EN 179 or EN 1125
	Digit 6 - Corrosion resistance and temperature Eight grades of corrosion resistance are identified: Grade 0: No defined corrosion resistance; no temperature requirement Grade A: Low corrosion resistance; no temperature requirement Grade B: Moderate corrosion resistance; no temperature requirement Grade C: High corrosion resistance; no temperature requirement Grade D: Very high corrosion resistance; no temperature requirement Grade E: Moderate corrosion resistance; temperature requirement: from -20°C to +80°C Grade F: High corrosion resistance; temperature requirement: from -20°C to +80°C Grade G: Very high corrosion resistance; temperature requirement: from -20°C to +80°C
	Digit 7 - Security and drill resistance Seven grades of security and drill resistance are identified: Grade 1: Minimum security and no drill resistance Grade 2: Low security and no drill resistance Grade 3: Medium security and no drill resistance Grade 4: High security and no drill resistance Grade 5: High security with drill resistance Grade 6: Very high security and no drill resistance Grade 7: Very high security with drill resistance
	Digit 8 - Field of door application. Fifteen grades of door application are identified in Table 3: Classification in fifteen grades Grade Type Application 1 Application 2 Application 3 A Mortice Unrestricted application B Mortice Hinge door C Mortice Sliding door D Rim Unrestricted application E Rim Hinge door F Rim Sliding door G Bored lock Unrestricted application H Mortice Hinge door Supported J Rim Hinge door Inwards K Mortice Hinge door Locked from inside L Mortice Sliding door Locked from inside M Rim Hinge door Locked from inside N Rim Sliding door Locked from inside P Mortice Hinge door Supported Locked from inside R Rim Hinge door Inwards Locked from inside
	Digit 9 - Type of key operation and locking Nine grades of type of key operation and locking are identified: Grade 0: not applicable Grade A: cylinder lock or latch; manual locking Grade B: cylinder lock or latch; automatic locking Grade C: cylinder lock or latch; manual locking with intermediate locking Grade D: lever lock or latch; manual locking Grade E: lever lock or latch; automatic locking Grade F: lever lock or latch; manual locking with intermediate locking Grade G: lock or latch without key operation; manual locking Grade H: lock without key operation; automatic locking
	Digit 10 - Type of spindle operation Five grades of spindle operation are identified: Grade 0: lock without follower Grade 1: lock with sprung lever or knob Grade 2: lock with light unsprung lever Grade 3: lock with heavy unsprung lever Grade 4: lock with manufacturer's own specification furniture
	Digit 11 - Key identification Nine grades of key identification are identified: Grade 0: No requirement Grade A: Minimum three detaining elements Grade B: Minimum five detaining elements Grade C: Minimum five detaining elements, extended number of effective differs Grade D: Minimum six detaining elements Grade E: Minimum six detaining elements, extended number of effective differs Grade F: Minimum seven detaining elements Grade G: Minimum seven detaining elements, extended number of effective differs Grade H: Minimum eight detaining elements, extended number of effective differs Note: This applies only to lever locks: cylinders are assessed to BS EN 1303: 1998

CE marking

Locks and latches intended for use on fire resisting doors and smoke control doors are covered by a Construction Products Directive mandate issued by the European Commission. Consequently this standard is regarded as a "harmonised" standard and compliance with it, supported by suitable evidence, allows the application of the CE mark. As locks and latches have a critical safety function, application of the CE mark requires the involvement of a notified certification body to provide verification of the compliance claims. This involves initial type testing of the product to EN 12209, initial inspection of the manufacturer's factory production control and continuing surveillance and approval of the factory production control. On satisfactory completion of these tasks, the notifying body issues an EC Certificate of Conformity which then permits the manufacturer to declare compliance and affix the CE marking to his product. The standard requires the following additional information to accompany the CE marking:-

1. Identification number of the notified certification body.
2. The name or identifying mark of the manufacturer.
3. The registered address of the manufacturer.
4. The last two digits of the year in which the marking was applied.
5. The number of the EC certificate of conformity reference to EN 12209: 2003.
6. The classification code of the product.

Example

This indicates a mechanically operated lock and locking plate intended for use in situations where there is an incentive to exercise care; that will withstand a durability of 200,000 cycles with 10N side load on the latch bolt on a door of up to 200 kg in mass; that will close with a maximum force of 25N; that is suitable for use on a fire/smoke resisting door; that has no safety requirement; that has moderate corrosion resistance over a temperature range of -20°C to +80°C; that has high security and drill resistance; that is suitable for unsprung furniture; and that has five detaining elements with a minimum of 10,000 differs

:2:H:5:1:0:E:5:A:F:2:C:

Scope

1. This European Standard specifies performance requirements and describes test methods for strength, security, functions and corrosion of padlocks and padlock fittings used in building applications, but excluding cables and chains.
2. Requirements which relate to security are classified in six grades, based on performance tests that simulate attack.
3. Human intervention, durability, manipulation and picking tests are not included in this standard.

Classification

BS EN 12320 classifies padlocks and padlock fittings using a seven digit coding system. Each digit refers to a particular feature of the product measured against the standard's performance requirements.

	Digit 1 - Category of use Test cycles/durability, door mass, fire resistance and safety are not applicable.
	Digit 6 - Corrosion resistance Two grades are applicable Grade 1: Internal applications Grade 3: External applications - Published standard contains an error. BSI to correct.
	Digit 7 - Security requirements Six grades are applicable, where 1 is the lowest. See Table 1.
Requirements Grade Unit 1 2 3 4 5 6 Minimum number of effective differs 300 1,000 2,500 5,000 10,000 20,000 - Non-interposing of keys with just one interval differ. Torque on key - 1 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 Nm Resistance to force on cylinder plug or locking mechanism - - 4 5 10 15 kN Resistance to torque on cylinder plug or locking mechanism - 2.5 5 15 20 30 Nm Resistance to pulling of shackle and staple 3 5 15 30 70 100 kN Resistance to twisting of shackle and staples 40 100 200 450 1200 2500 Nm Resistance to cutting of shackle and staple 6 15 25 35 70 100 kN Resistance to impact on padlock body - - -20 -20 -40 -40 C Shackle and staple at low temperature - - 1250 3050 6550 7150 g - - 800 100 1400 1500 mm Resistance to drilling of padlock, shackle and staple - - - 2 4 8 min Resistance to sawing of padlock, shackle and staple - - - 2 4 8 min

Example

Subject to the application, decide the level of security required and use a padlock and fittings matching classification. The padlock and fittings are suitable for external use and to have 5000 differs.

:-:-:-:-:-:3:4:

The security of the locking device may be compromised if, for example, a high graded padlock is used with a low graded padlock fitting.

Marking

The standard requires that the classification relevant to the padlock or padlock fitting shall be quoted in the accompanying documentation, on its labelling or packaging and/or by marking the product itself or by more than one of these methods. The marking/labelling shall include the following:-

1. Manufacturer's name or trademark, or other means of identification
2. Product model identification
3. The 7 digit classification
4. Number of this European Standard
5. Year and week of manufacture

Scope

Specifies the requirements and test methods of the aperture for the delivery of letter post items.
Defines four types of unit's outdoor private letter boxes, indoor private letter boxes, slide through boxes and letter plates.
Two aperture sizes, three corrosion grades and two security grades are also defined.
The units are tested for safety, opening force of the flap and for water penetration.
The dimensions for these devices are shown in Table 1.

Table 1
For letterplates, installation shall be between 700 and 1700 mm from the delivery floor level and shall not be less than 680 mm from the receiving floor height nor the aperture height of more than 40 mm unless special security attachments are used. The letterplate should not be installed within 400 mm of an unsecured door or window lock.